{"id":680,"date":"2026-03-27T13:30:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T13:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/agile-documentation-requirements-flow\/"},"modified":"2026-03-27T13:30:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T13:30:53","slug":"agile-documentation-requirements-flow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/agile-documentation-requirements-flow\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Scrum: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm lu\u1ed3ng Agile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng nhanh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t gi\u1eefa nhu c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Agile. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh n\u00f3. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chia s\u1ebb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n trong khung Scrum.<\/p>\n

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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a trong Scrum \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh cho r\u1eb1ng Agile c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n Agile. Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y tuy tinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

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  • Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>\u0110em l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
  • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n:<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd n\u1ea3y sinh khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i hi\u1ec3u “\u00edt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n” l\u00e0 “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o”. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ghi ch\u00fa n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

    Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h3>\n

    Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f4i khi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 n\u00f3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong Chi ph\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Trong Agile, ch\u00fang ta h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n

    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m neo cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t. C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong Scrum. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thay v\u00ec tri\u1ec3n khai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t:<\/strong> (Vai tr\u00f2)\n
    • T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n:<\/strong> (H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng)\n
    • \u0110\u1ec3:<\/strong> (L\u1ee3i \u00edch)<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ebb c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

      M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ebb<\/h3>\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ebb ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng tin xung quanh n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ghi l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdp.<\/p>\n

      D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n

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      • B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong>T\u1ea1i sao t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd?<\/li>\n
      • R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n:<\/strong>C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
      • C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh x\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd?<\/li>\n
      • C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong>Li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m r\u00f5 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

        Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn: H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2705<\/h2>\n

        Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p cao, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb “x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec” sang “ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o”. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

        Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tester, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • V\u00ed d\u1ee5 x\u1ea5u:<\/strong> \u201cH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy (regex).\u201d\n
        • V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t:<\/strong> \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 100.\u201d\n<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi thay v\u00ec c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng Given-When-Then \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh vi (BDD) v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
          • Khi:<\/strong>H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u00ec:<\/strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh cho c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

            V\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c tranh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

            T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1eefu \u00edch<\/h3>\n
              \n
            • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
            • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD):<\/strong>L\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
            • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1:<\/strong>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
            • B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin t\u0129nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai m\u1edf ra.<\/p>\n

              Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng bloat t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (JIT).<\/p>\n

              C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh waterfall truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Agile y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

              Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n

              Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m sau cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ec9nh:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
              • Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u Sprint:<\/strong>Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean.<\/li>\n
              • Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u API ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n
              • Sau khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh:<\/strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c ghi ch\u00fa ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean su\u1ed1t chu k\u1ef3, kh\u00f4ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ‘v\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u’ khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

                T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \ud83d\udcda<\/h2>\n

                T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n gian, v\u1ed1n mong manh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t khi nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

                S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch. Khi m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

                C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
                  \n
                • Ngu\u1ed3n duy nh\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin:<\/strong>Tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i.<\/li>\n
                • Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/li>\n
                • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n
                • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u0110\u1eebng t\u00edch tr\u1eef t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, h\u1ecd n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. S\u1ef1 s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

                  X\u1eed l\u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                  Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn. C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Agile. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                  B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n hy sinh lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (DoD).<\/p>\n

                  T\u00edch h\u1ee3p tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/h3>\n
                    \n
                  • Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
                  • Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sprint.<\/li>\n
                  • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch coi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \ud83d\udccf<\/h2>\n

                    L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng hay qu\u00e1 nh\u1eb9? B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eebng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sai. S\u1ed1 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

                    T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u ra. H\u00e3y xem t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/th>\nCh\u1ec9 ra qu\u00e1 \u00edt<\/th>\nCh\u1ec9 ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/strong><\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i l\u00e0m<\/strong><\/td>\nCao do hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt<\/strong><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/strong><\/td>\nCao (kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y)<\/td>\nCao (thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m r\u00f5 cao, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                    Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \ud83d\uded1<\/h2>\n

                    Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong DoD, th\u00ec r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n

                    V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c DoD li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
                    • C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
                    • H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
                    • C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n

                      C\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                      T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp tin. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp. C\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c trong nh\u00f3m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng tin. Nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

                      C\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n
                        \n
                      • C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i tinh ch\u1ec9nh:<\/strong> Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sprint b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                      • L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo c\u1eb7p:<\/strong> Chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c khi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
                      • Ng\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n:<\/strong> Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n
                      • C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft:<\/strong> Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh. N\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1edfi m\u1edf, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                        Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                        Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ee3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Theo th\u1eddi gian, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1.<\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y coi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e3n l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

                        Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3<\/h3>\n
                          \n
                        • T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> D\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian trong c\u00e1c sprint \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u0169.<\/li>\n
                        • L\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169:<\/strong> Gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
                        • Nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 xem x\u00e9t:<\/strong>L\u00ean l\u1ecbch xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch thanh to\u00e1n n\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                          Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \ud83c\udf0a<\/h2>\n

                          X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

                          H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9i, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u sai. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

                          T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00ednh li\u00ean quan. Gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y Agile b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hy sinh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

                          C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng nhanh ch\u00f3ng khi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c trong chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

                          B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp theo. C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng nhanh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":681,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Agile: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \ud83d\ude80","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong Scrum m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Agile.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[39,41],"class_list":["post-680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-scrum","tag-academic","tag-scrum"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Agile: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \ud83d\ude80<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong Scrum m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Agile.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/agile-documentation-requirements-flow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Agile: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \ud83d\ude80\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong Scrum m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. 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