{"id":600,"date":"2026-04-03T07:21:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T07:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/uml-timing-diagram-time-axis-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-03T07:21:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T07:21:00","slug":"uml-timing-diagram-time-axis-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/uml-timing-diagram-time-axis-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ebb tan huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML: T\u1ea1i sao “Th\u1eddi gian” trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \u0110\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t (UML). Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan. Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9; n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao coi th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

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\"Sketch-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Th\u1eddi gian trong UML \ud83d\udcd0<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 Descartes c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Tr\u1ee5c ngang (tr\u1ee5c X):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Th\u1eddi gian<\/em>. N\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
  • Tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc (tr\u1ee5c Y):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng<\/em>. M\u1ed7i d\u1ea3i ngang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang xem m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh t\u0129nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n coi tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n theo tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u1eed l\u00fd song song.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Th\u1eddi gian \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

    Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 UML. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean trang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n tin nh\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

    Khi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sang s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng mang theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i mong \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1:<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian = D\u1ecdc (t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi). Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m = Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 tin nh\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
    • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian = Ngang (t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i). Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m = Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng th\u1eddi gian theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u sai v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

      Tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i.<\/p>\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong d\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh), nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang d\u1ecdc theo d\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

      Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/em>c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • H\u1ed9p Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: “Ng\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng”, “\u0110ang x\u1eed l\u00fd”, “L\u1ed7i”).<\/li>\n
      • Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e3n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
      • T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u:<\/strong>C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1eaft ngang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        V\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/em>c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch theo chi\u1ec1u ngang m\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

        X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c Th\u1eddi gian \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

        S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u logic m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. V\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t X mili gi\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i so v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
        • R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c H\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m T. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t n\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
        • R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c Chu k\u1ef3:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1eabu l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c ngang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Khi b\u1ea1n coi th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111ang m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian hay m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t \u0111ang b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua n\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3ng d\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

          V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong v\u00f2ng 500 mili gi\u00e2y. Tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1c 500ms. N\u1ebfu h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y theo chi\u1ec1u ngang.<\/p>\n

          Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n

          Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 khi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n
            \n
          • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c:<\/strong>B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u00fang, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i t\u1eebng mili gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
          • C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1eddi gian giao th\u1ee9c:<\/strong>C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Khi th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 quan tr\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn lu\u1ed3ng logic c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian, th\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng logic \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

            Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

            Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00fang, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

            1. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n

            \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00e9p tr\u00e1i). N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh theo chi\u1ec1u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

            2. B\u1ecf qua thang \u0111o<\/h3>\n

            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee5 \u00fd m\u1ed9t thang \u0111o. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1ed9ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i h\u1ed9p kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu thang \u0111o kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: theo thang logarit), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

            3. Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p<\/h3>\n

            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ecdi giao th\u1ee9c tin nh\u1eafn ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u00eam qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u g\u00e2y ra chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. D\u00f9ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c tin nh\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

            4. Xem th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

            \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian theo chi\u1ec1u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. Gi\u1eef tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian theo chi\u1ec1u ngang. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i dung, h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thang \u0111o ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

            So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian ngang, s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch n\u1ebfu so s\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u2013 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/th>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            H\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng (t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi)<\/td>\nNgang (t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p<\/td>\nThay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ngang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>\nNg\u1ee5 \u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c khung song song<\/td>\nR\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c l\u00e0n ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            So s\u00e1nh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ee5c ngang l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c quan cho kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u2728<\/h2>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thang th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong>D\u00e1n nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho tr\u1ee5c ngang. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 mili gi\u00e2y (ms), gi\u00e2y (s) ho\u1eb7c chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n.<\/li>\n
            • Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/li>\n
            • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong> Thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng nh\u00e3n chung chung, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng t\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: “\u0110ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o” thay v\u00ec “Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i 1”).<\/li>\n
            • Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
            • Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n n\u1eb1m trong l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u00dd ngh\u0129a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

              V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u1ee5c ngang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n choTh\u1eddi gian To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/strong>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 tham chi\u1ebfu m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

              Khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, hay m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng, tr\u1ee5c ngang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

              Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc l\u00e0Kh\u00f4ng gian Logic<\/strong>. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i logic h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

              Suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n

              S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian d\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ngang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML. Xem th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc s\u1ebd mang logic c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

              B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian ngang, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00e2ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

              Khi xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y sang ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

              H\u00e3y nh\u1edb, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3. Tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m ngang l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ghi l\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1eebng b\u1ecf qua n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML: T\u1ea1i sao Th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m Ngang thay v\u00ec D\u1ecdc \ud83d\udd52","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m ngang. H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[39,43],"class_list":["post-600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unified-modeling-language","tag-academic","tag-timing-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML: T\u1ea1i sao Th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m Ngang thay v\u00ec D\u1ecdc \ud83d\udd52<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian UML s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m ngang. 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