{"id":554,"date":"2026-04-06T17:29:43","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T17:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/avoiding-timing-pitfalls-uml-timing-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-04-06T17:29:43","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T17:29:43","slug":"avoiding-timing-pitfalls-uml-timing-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-tools.com\/vi\/avoiding-timing-pitfalls-uml-timing-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1ed1n d\u0129 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Khi nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn tin nh\u1eafn. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecfng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n. \ud83d\uded1<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c quan. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i theo th\u1eddi gian. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 theo th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Chalkboard-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u26a1 Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi hai hay nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean chung c\u00f9ng l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    \u0110\u1ecdc sau ghi:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ghi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ghi sau ghi:<\/strong>Hai ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ghi v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ghi sau \u0111\u1ecdc:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c ghi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong>Hai ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i. Thao t\u00e1c ghi th\u1ee9 hai ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean thao t\u00e1c ghi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 tin nh\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udcd0 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML<\/h2>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0o m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ee5c ngang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f2n tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Li\u1ec7u hai thao t\u00e1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n nhau theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udd0d Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

      1. Tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u1ee5c ngang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian (mili gi\u00e2y, gi\u00e2y, chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

      2. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

      3. Thanh th\u1eddi gian<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c thanh th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thanh ngang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang cho bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t thanh th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a thanh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

      4. C\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n

      Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, c\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t cho th\u1ea5y khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t thanh \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang b\u1eadn th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a thanh bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c thi thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      5. C\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean xuy\u00ean qua gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (ch\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (g\u1eedi \u0111i r\u1ed3i qu\u00ean). V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udd0d Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan<\/h2>\n

      M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea9n trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

      X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ghi ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n<\/h3>\n

      H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n nhau theo chi\u1ec1u ngang. N\u1ebfu hai ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ghi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean chung trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c mutex, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thao t\u00e1c ghi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

      Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n

      S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thanh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn chung. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1eeb “Ng\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/code> sang \u0110ang x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/code>) trong khi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c mong \u0111\u1ee3i n\u00f3 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Ng\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/code>, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn<\/h3>\n

      Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn giao nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udea7 Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin sai l\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf s\u00f3t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        B\u1ecf qua th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong> Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ee9c th\u00ec. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian. B\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u01a1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi:<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i su\u00f4n s\u1ebb. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1eed l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh do s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian t\u0129nh:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh khi th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t 10ms nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn 50ms, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong> Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \ud83d\udcca So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c m\u1eabu an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<\/h2>\n

        B\u1ea3ng sau minh h\u1ecda s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eddi gian an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \n

        M\u1eabu<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

        		\n

        M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

        		\n

        Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

        		\n

        M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n

        \n

        Truy c\u1eadp tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \n

        \u0110\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ghi ri\u00eang l\u1ebb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng ghi c\u1ea7n kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o; c\u00e1c thanh ghi t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Trung b\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \n

        Ghi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ghi v\u00e0o bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ghi ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o theo chi\u1ec1u ngang.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Cao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \n

        H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00f3a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1edd kh\u00f3a nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c thanh ch\u1edd k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadn kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Trung b\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \n

        Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u00f3a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn kh\u00f3a theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        C\u00e1c thanh nh\u1eadn kh\u00f3a tu\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh<\/h2>\n

        M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. X\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

        1. X\u00e1c minh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

        S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

        2. M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng<\/h3>\n

        Ch\u1ea1y m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham kh\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 xem h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

        3. Xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/h3>\n

        Xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd sai, hay c\u00e1c m\u1eabu d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3a k\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khai b\u00e1o volatile ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

        4. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea1y<\/h3>\n

        Tri\u1ec3n khai ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai. Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea1y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian, h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

        5. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng<\/h3>\n

        Ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i cao v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian v\u1eabn h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

        \ud83d\udd04 X\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 song song<\/h2>\n

        \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n l\u00ean nhau. Song song l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u1ea3 hai, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

        1. T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean chung<\/h3>\n

        Khi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh truy c\u1eadp c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f3a. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n l\u00ean nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

        2. Ch\u1ebft ch\u1eb7n<\/h3>\n

        Ch\u1ebft ch\u1eb7n x\u1ea3y ra khi hai hay nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1edd nhau gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh dung ch\u1ebft ch\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1edd v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh A ch\u1edd B, v\u00e0 B ch\u1edd A m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

        3. \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/h3>\n

        \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p \u0111ang gi\u1eef kh\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao \u0111ang ch\u1edd trong khi t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u1ebf th\u1eeba \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

        \ud83d\udcdd Trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h2>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh A g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh B, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh B ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u0110\u1ec7m:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t sau.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong> B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (ms, s, chu k\u1ef3) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            \u0110\u00e1nh nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong>G\u00e1n cho m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n chung chung nh\u01b0 \u201cS\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n 1\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong>Th\u00eam ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i:<\/strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u0129nh s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            X\u00e1c minh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Xem x\u00e9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \ud83c\udfaf T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb<\/h2>\n

            Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

            Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n nhau nh\u01b0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c thi t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              X\u00e1c minh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n. C\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c b\u1ecf ra \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch qua vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1ed1n d\u0129 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Khi nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML \ud83d\uded1","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian UML. 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